| Generalize | Generalize your topic. If your topic is about the history of surfing in Orange County, broaden your topic to include all of California or the United States. | 
|---|---|
| Currency | If your topic is very current, there may not be books or journal articles available yet. Choose an alternative topic that is not so recent. | 
| Database Choice | Use other databases in your subject area or consider databases in a related subject area which might cover the topic from a different perspective. | 
| Synonyms | Use a thesaurus to find synonyms for your topic. When reading background information, note the terminology that is used. | 
| Related | Explore related issues. | 
| Expand / Remove | Location, time period, aspect, event, population, person/group. | 
Example of a Narrow Topic:  Does cartoon viewing cause aggression in children under age five?
Broader: What are the negative effects of TV on children and adolescents?
| Time | Civil War, Iron Age, 1920's, 18th Century | 
|---|---|
| Location | Europe, U.S., Denver, urban, eastern | 
| Population | age, race, gender, nationality, ethnic group, occupation | 
| Event or Aspect | government regulations related to cloning, Battle of the Bulge in WWII | 
| Person or Group | college students, Democrats, Republicans | 
Broad Topic: Global warming
Narrower Topic:How will climate change impact sea levels and the coastal United States?
 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless noted otherwise.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless noted otherwise.